Military Truck 6x6 - The M809 series 5-ton 6x6 truck (G908) is a family of heavy tactical trucks built for the United States Armed Forces. The original cargo version was designed to carry a 5 ton (4,500 kg), 14 ft (4.3 m) load over all terrain in all weather conditions. Load weight was doubled in road service. Manufactured by AM Geral, they join the M939 series.
In the late 1960s the US Army required more 5 ton (4,536 kg) 6x6 trucks. Kaiser-Jeep produced an updated version of the M39 series that had been in operation since 1951. The main difference was the engine change to Cummins. The hood and grille were modified to make room for longer pines, and the lighting system was updated to meet new US safety regulations. They all had an air cleaner on the left fder, a way of telling them from the earlier M39 series.
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Kaiser-Jeep was awarded the M809-series DAAE06-69-C-0009 contract and they were built between 1969 and 1970. In February 1970, American Motors Corporation purchased Kaiser-Jeep and on March 26, 1970, Kaiser-Jeep was reorganized as "Jeep Corporation." The South BD facility where the M809 series was built later became the "Gearly Products Division" of Jeep Corporation. A little over a year later, on March 31, 1971, this Geral product division was discontinued and became "AM-Geral", a wholly owned subsidiary of American Motor Corporation. In 1974, AM Geral was awarded a new contract for the M809-series, DAAE07-74-C-0120. This contract covers trucks manufactured in at least the next 5 years AM-General produced all M809 series trucks between 1971 and 1982. In 1982, the M809 series was upgraded to the M939 series. The first 11,000 M939s were converted to M809s.
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The M809 series uses a Cummins NHC250, naturally aspirated 855 cu in (14.0 L) 6-cylinder inline diesel engine producing 240 hp (180 kW) at 2100 rpm and 685 lbf⋅ft (929 N⋅m at 1 rpm). All models of the M809 series used this gene throughout its service life. The N series was a commercially successful design, the conservatively rated engine being more powerful and less stressed than the Continental LDS-465 multi-fuel engine used in the M39 series.
The Dana-Spicer Model 6453 5-speed synchromesh manual transmission had 1st, direct 4th and 5th overdrive. A Rockwell-standard 2-speed transfer case also automatically engaged the front axle if the rear wheels were spinning faster than the front, as the rear wheels were spinning in any gear and range.
The M809 series had a ladder frame with three live axles, with leaf springs at the front and locating arms on tandem leaf springs at the rear.
There were three wheelbases (measuring from the centerline of the front axle to the centerline of the rear tandem). The short was 167 inches (4.24 m), used for tractors and dumps, the long was 179 inches (4.55 m), used for cargo, rakes, and bulkers, and the extra length was used for cargo longs, tractor trailers, and wide vans. , 215 in (5.46 m).
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Most models had 11.00x20 size tires with dual rear tires. Some M813s had 14.00x20 with rear tires, M821 bridge trucks had 14.00x20 with dual rear tires. The M819 Wrecking Tractor had 12.00×20 and two rear tires. All military pattern bases were bidirectional.
All wheels had hydraulic and air brakes over drum brakes. Air brake connections were used behind the trailer brakes. The M815, M818, and M819 had separate controls for applying the trailer brake separately from the service brake.
All M809 models had a rear pintle hitch and could tow a 15,000 lb (6,800 kg) trailer except the M816, which could tow 20,000 lb (9,100 kg). The M818 and M819 can tow a 37,500 lb (17,000 kg) semi-trailer on their fifth wheel.
Many M809 series have a 20,000 lb (9,100 kg) capacity winch mounted forward, for self-recovery purposes. A winch weighed 665 pounds (302 kg) and added 15+ 1⁄2 inches (39 cm) inches to the length of the truck. The M815 had a center-mounted winch and the M816 had a 45,000 lb (20,000 kg) capacity at the rear.
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A 2+ 1⁄2 -ton M35 was used. It featured roll-up windows, a folding windscreen and doors with a removable canvas roof. A solid roof can be fitted.
The M813 was the standard cargo version of the series. It was a 14-foot (4.3 m) box with low sides and a hinged wire gate. Side racks, troop seats and overhead bows were standard with tarpaulin. A front mounted winch was optional.
Standard body sides can secure a load but cannot be loaded from the side by a forklift, so a body with drop sides was standardized as the M813A1.
The M814 had a box 20 feet (6.1 m) long, with an extra long wheelbase. There were no side-by-side versions of the M814 and none had troop seats.
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The M815 Bolster Logging Truck, with the M796 Bolster Trailer, was used to transport long loads such as logs, poles, pipes, and bridge sections. The front of the load was secured to the truck with a rotational bracing and the rear of the load was secured to the trailer. Trucks and trailers had a tubular boom ("reach") that connected them under the load. Once the truck is unloaded the trailer can be loaded onto the truck. The truck had a large cab protection rack and winches both front and center.
The M816 medium wrecker truck was used to recover disabled or stuck trucks and lift large components. A rotating, telescoping and elevating hydraulic boom can lift a maximum of 20,000 lb (9,100 kg). Although the truck was not intended to carry loads, the boom could pull 7,000 lb (3,200 kg) wh. They had 20,000 lb (9,100 kg) front and 45,000 lb (20,000 kg) rear winches, outriggers, boom braces, chocks, blocks and tackle, oxy-acetyl torches and other automotive equipment.
The M817 dump truck was used to haul sand, gravel, dirt, rubble, scrap and other bulk materials. It was 5 cubic yards (3.8 m
) dump body with cabin protector and tailgate that can be hinged up or down. As normal loads were heavier by volume, the dump body was smaller and heavier than the cargo body. They can be equipped with overhead bows, tarpaulins and troop seats, but the relatively small size of the body limits their passenger or cargo loads.
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M818 tractor trucks were used to pull semi-trailers up to 37,500 lb (17,000 kg) with 15,000 lb (6,800 kg) on their fifth wheels. Semi-tractors/trailers must be on reasonably level ground and not rated for full off-road use. On improved roads they can tow up to 55,000 pounds (25,000 kg) with 25,000 pounds (11,000 kg) on their fifth wheel.
The M818 normally pulled a 12 ton 2 axle trailer. There were poles and platform bodies, a van, a low bed and a tanker. 6-ton 2-axle extended vans and 6-ton single-axle vans were also used.
The M819 medium rake tractor truck was a rocker, with an extra long wheelbase and a fifth wheel located behind the boom. This allows the truck to load and tow semi-trailers For aircraft recovery purposes, they had a smaller body and less equipment than the M816.
Each had a winch in front, the rear winch being replaced by a fifth wheel. As a rocket, the boom can lift up to 20,000 pounds (9,100 kg) and reach longer than the M816. As a tractor the fifth wheel load rating was 15,000 lb (6,800 kg). Due to the high empty weight as a semi-tractor, larger size 12.00x20 tires were used, making it the only model of this size.
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The M820 extendable van truck had a 17-foot (5.2 m) long van body with a slide-out piece on each side. Although the sections were widened the work floor was about 14 feet (4.3 m) wide. The hall can support 5,000 lb (2,300 kg) of communications equipment. The heater and air conditioner (except M820A1) were located above the cabin. The M820A1 had no windows or air conditioning, the M820A3 and M820A4 had a hydraulic rear liftgate. None had front wings.
The M821 bridge transport truck had a 20-foot (6.1 m) long body for carrying bridge equipment and materials. They had a roller on the back to help unload and small boots on the side to secure the cargo. The sides of the poles can be moved to carry larger loads. The largest tires in the series, 14.00x20, were used with dual rear tires. Send us a tip! Shop Home Subscribe Latest Reviews Buy Tech Culture Truck Racing Bikes Over Cars We may receive a commission from links on this page.
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